Architecture

Types of Architectural Arches

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Arch Type
Origin
Iconic Example
Known For
Round (Semicircular) Arch
Ancient RomeColosseum, RomeClassic Roman arch, half-circle, enabled aqueducts and amphitheaters
Pointed (Gothic) Arch
Medieval FranceNotre-Dame de ParisTwo curves meeting at apex, transferred weight downward, enabled Gothic height
Horseshoe Arch
Moorish Spain, North AfricaMezquita of CordobaArc continues below the springline, Islamic and Mudejar architecture
Ogee Arch
Late Gothic, VenetianDoge's Palace, VeniceS-shaped double curve, Venetian Gothic, Indo-Islamic also
Parabolic Arch
ModernistSagrada Familia, Barcelona (Gaudi)Follows catenary curve, structurally efficient, Gateway Arch in St. Louis
Tudor Arch
Late medieval EnglandKings College Chapel, CambridgeLow four-centered arch, Tudor-era English architecture, flattened pointed arch
Trefoil Arch
GothicWestminster Abbey traceryThree-lobed arch symbolizing the Trinity, Gothic tracery
Lancet Arch
Early English GothicSalisbury CathedralTall, narrow, steeply pointed arch, early Gothic window form
Segmental Arch
Roman, RenaissancePonte Vecchio, FlorenceLess than a half-circle, flatter profile, strong for bridges
Triumphal (Three-part) Arch
Ancient RomeArch of Constantine, RomeCentral large arch flanked by two smaller arches, commemorative
Multifoil (Cusped) Arch
IslamicAlhambra, GranadaMultiple curved lobes, decorative Moorish and Indo-Islamic forms
Inflexed Arch
Islamic IndianFatehpur SikriConcave curves meeting at a point, inverted from conventional arch
Flat (Jack) Arch
ClassicalGeorgian townhouse lintelsHorizontal arch using wedge-shaped voussoirs over openings
Catenary Arch
Modern engineeringGateway Arch, St. LouisInverted catenary curve, pure compression, 192m tall stainless steel

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