Christian Monastic Orders
Order↕ | Founder↕ | Founded↕ | Motto↕ | Known For↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Benedictines | Benedict of Nursia | 529 | Ora et Labora (Pray and Work) | Rule of St. Benedict, Monte Cassino, preservers of learning in the Dark Ages |
Cistercians | Robert of Molesme | 1098 | Return to strict Benedictine Rule | White habits, austere architecture, agricultural innovation |
Trappists | Armand de Rance (reform) | 1664 | Silence and contemplation | Strict vow of silence, Trappist beer (Chimay, Westvleteren), cheese |
Carthusians | Bruno of Cologne | 1084 | Stat crux dum volvitur orbis | Hermit-monks, Grande Chartreuse monastery, Chartreuse liqueur |
Franciscans | Francis of Assisi | 1209 | Pax et Bonum (Peace and Good) | Vow of poverty, brown robes, love of nature and the poor |
Dominicans | Dominic de Guzman | 1216 | Laudare, Benedicere, Praedicare | Order of Preachers, scholarship, Thomas Aquinas, Inquisition role |
Jesuits (Society of Jesus) | Ignatius of Loyola | 1540 | Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam | Education, missions worldwide, scientific contribution, Pope Francis |
Augustinians | Augustine of Hippo (rule) | 1256 | Tolle lege (Take and read) | Martin Luther was one, intellectual tradition, Gregor Mendel |
Carmelites | Hermits on Mount Carmel | 1150 | Zelo zelatus sum (With zeal I am zealous) | Teresa of Avila, John of the Cross, contemplative mysticism |
Capuchins | Matteo da Bascio | 1528 | Franciscan reform | Pointed hood (cappuccio), inspiration for cappuccino coffee color |
Poor Clares | Clare of Assisi | 1212 | Life of poverty and prayer | Second Order Franciscan for women, enclosed contemplative life |
Salesians | John Bosco | 1859 | Da mihi animas, cetera tolle | Education of disadvantaged youth, worldwide schools |
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