Science

Famous Volcanic Eruptions

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Updated:3/7/2026
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Eruption
Location
Year
VEI Scale
Known For
Mount Vesuvius
Naples, Italy79 AD5Buried Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserved Roman life in ash, Pliny the Elder died observing it
Krakatoa
Indonesia18836Loudest sound in recorded history (heard 3,000 miles away), global temperature drop, vivid sunsets worldwide
Mount St. Helens
Washington, USA19805Lateral blast blew off the mountain's side, 57 killed, most studied eruption ever, ash across 11 states
Tambora
Indonesia18157Largest eruption in recorded history, caused 'Year Without a Summer' (1816), global crop failures
Mount Pinatubo
Philippines19916Cooled global temperatures by 0.5°C for 2 years, 800+ killed, Clark Air Base evacuated
Santorini (Thera)
Greece~1600 BC7May have destroyed Minoan civilization, possible inspiration for Atlantis legend
Mount Pelée
Martinique19024Destroyed Saint-Pierre in minutes, ~30,000 killed, only 2 survivors, deadliest eruption of 20th century
Eyjafjallajökull
Iceland20104Shut down European airspace for 6 days, 10M travelers stranded, unpronounceable name went viral
Laki
Iceland178348-month eruption, toxic haze killed 25% of Iceland's population, may have triggered French Revolution famine
Mount Unzen
Japan17922-3Triggered mega-tsunami that killed 15,000, Japan's deadliest volcanic disaster
Nevado del Ruiz
Colombia19853Lahars buried town of Armero, 23,000 killed, iconic photo of trapped girl Omayra Sánchez
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai
Tonga20225-6Largest atmospheric explosion since nuclear tests, tsunami reached 4 continents, mushroom cloud from space
Mount Mazama (Crater Lake)
Oregon, USA~5700 BC7Collapse created Crater Lake — deepest lake in the US, sacred to Klamath people
Yellowstone Supervolcano
Wyoming, USA~640,000 BC8Last supereruption created Yellowstone Caldera, could cover half of US in ash if it blew again
Cotopaxi
Ecuador18774Perfect cone shape, lahars traveled 100km, one of the world's highest active volcanoes at 5,897m

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Frequently asked questions

How is the Famous Volcanic Eruptions list ranked?

The Famous Volcanic Eruptions list is currently sorted by the source data's default ordering. Community voting is not enabled on this dataset.

How many entries are in this Famous Volcanic Eruptions dataset?

This dataset contains 15 entries, each with multiple sortable, filterable columns. The full table is visible on this page and can be downloaded as a CSV, JSON, or Excel file.

Can I download the Famous Volcanic Eruptions data?

Yes. The download buttons at the top of the page give you the full 15-row dataset as CSV, JSON, or Excel. Use of the data is permitted under a Creative Commons Attribution license — credit dtbse.com when you republish.

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